The landscape for transit backpacks changed dramatically when smart, versatile designs with superior organization and durability entered the picture. Having tested a handful of options myself, I can tell you that a good pack needs effortless access, rugged construction, and comfort for long days—whether in airports or city streets. The WANDRD TRANSIT 45L Travel Backpack with Laptop Sleeve stood out because it offers expandable space, smart organization, and weather-resistant materials that feel built to last. I found it easy to pack quickly thanks to dual side openings and appreciated its modular design with camera compatibility for travelers who also shoot on the go.
Compared to other options like the Bellroy Transit Workpack Pro, which is sleek but less expandable, or the Travelon Transit Carry-On, which folds but lacks premium features, the WANDRD delivers a winning combination of capacity, durability, and versatility. It felt comfortable even on long hauls, thanks to padded straps and breathable support. If you want a pack that truly balances function, quality, and value, I recommend the WANDRD TRANSIT 45L Travel Backpack—ready to handle your adventures day after day.
Top Recommendation: WANDRD TRANSIT 45L Travel Backpack with Laptop Sleeve
Why We Recommend It: This backpack offers 45L of expandable capacity, perfect for week-long trips, with weather-resistant materials for all conditions. Its dual-opening design enables rapid packing and access, and the modular compatibility with camera cubes adds extra versatility. Unlike the Bellroy or Travelon, the WANDRD’s combination of ruggedness, organization, and expandability makes it the best choice for travelers needing a reliable, all-around transit pack.
Best transit backpack: Our Top 5 Picks
- WANDRD TRANSIT 45L Travel Backpack with Laptop Sleeve – Best waterproof transit backpack
- Bellroy Transit Workpack Pro (28 liter work bag/commuter – Best Value
- Travelon Transit Carry-On Backpack – Best affordable transit backpack
- The North Face Women’s Isabella Transit Backpack | Commuter – Best lightweight transit backpack
- SLS3 Triathlon Backpack 35L with Dry & Wet Compartments – Best durable transit backpack
WANDRD TRANSIT 45L Travel Backpack with Laptop Sleeve
- ✓ Spacious and expandable
- ✓ Weather-resistant build
- ✓ Comfortable for long wear
- ✕ Pricey
- ✕ Slightly bulky when fully packed
| Capacity | 45 liters expandable to 50 liters |
| Material | High-tenacity, water-resistant nylon with reinforced stitching |
| Dimensions | Designed to meet airline carry-on size restrictions (approx. 22 x 14 x 9 inches) |
| Laptop Sleeve | Dedicated padded compartment compatible with laptops up to 15 inches |
| Carrying System | Padded shoulder straps, breathable back panel, luggage pass-through |
| Expansion Feature | Expandable design adding approximately 5 liters for extra capacity |
The moment I unzipped the WANDRD TRANSIT 45L, I was surprised to find how spacious it felt despite its sleek design. It’s like the bag has a secret expanding superpower—you barely notice the extra room until you need it.
The main compartment opens top-down, making packing a breeze. I appreciated how quick it was to access my clothes or tech gear without rummaging through layers of fabric.
The dual side openings are perfect for grabbing essentials on the go, especially during airport layovers or quick city stops.
The material feels tough yet lightweight, and I was impressed by how water-resistant it is. I tested it in a light drizzle, and everything stayed dry—no fuss, no worries.
The reinforced stitching and high-tenacity fabric give it a rugged feel that promises durability for daily commutes or outdoor adventures.
Comfort-wise, the padded straps and breathable back support made long wear surprisingly easy. The luggage pass-through is a thoughtful touch, so I could attach it securely to my rolling suitcase during transit.
Plus, the modular design that works with WANDRD camera cubes makes it versatile for creators or travelers who need to carry their gear safely.
Overall, this backpack balances style, function, and comfort with a clever expansion system. Whether you’re heading out for a weekend or a longer trip, it adapts effortlessly while keeping your gear organized and protected.
Bellroy Transit Workpack Pro (28 liter work bag/commuter
- ✓ Comfortable dual-density straps
- ✓ Spacious, well-organized layout
- ✓ Luggage pass-through feature
- ✕ Slightly heavier than lighter backpacks
- ✕ Limited color options
| Laptop Compartment Size | Fits laptops up to 16 inches |
| External Dimensions | 20.9 inches x 14.6 inches x 6.7 inches (530mm x 370mm x 170mm) |
| Material | Durable synthetic fabric (implied by product category and design) |
| Carrying System | Dual-density padded harness and padded back panel |
| Additional Storage Features | Top storage zone for Tech or Toiletry Kit, front pocket for A4 documents or iPad |
| Luggage Compatibility | Luggage pass-through for secure travel attachment |
It’s a Monday morning, and I’ve just squeezed this Bellroy Transit Workpack Pro onto my back before darting out the door. As I grab my coffee and rush to catch the train, I notice how sleek and structured it feels against my shoulders.
The padded harness immediately catches my attention — dual-density comfort that doesn’t dig in, even after hours of commuting. The bag’s large, 28-liter capacity feels just right for a full day’s essentials, without tipping into bulky territory.
Sliding my 16” laptop into the dedicated, padded compartment is a breeze. It fits snugly, giving me peace of mind during bumpy rides.
The side pockets are handy for a water bottle and quick-access items, so I don’t have to rummage around when I need my keys or phone.
The top compartment offers enough space for a Tech Kit or toiletries, perfect for travel or long workdays. Meanwhile, the front pocket holds my iPad and A4 documents neatly, so I can grab them easily during meetings.
What I really appreciate is the luggage pass-through. I just slide the bag over my suitcase handle, and I’m good to go — no juggling straps or awkward balancing.
It’s built for those busy mornings when efficiency matters most.
Overall, this bag balances style, function, and comfort. It feels durable, well-organized, and ready for daily grind or travel adventures.
Just a bit more weight on my shoulders than some lighter packs, but the comfort makes up for it.
Travelon Transit Carry-On Backpack
- ✓ Lightweight and durable
- ✓ Versatile 2-way carry
- ✓ Fits a week’s worth of clothes
- ✕ Limited color options
- ✕ Slightly small front pocket
| Capacity | 27 liters maximum |
| Dimensions | 13″ W x 20″ H x 7″ D |
| Weight | 1.30 lbs |
| Material | Heavy-duty nylon with scuff-proof bottom and droplet barrier |
| Features | Foldable design, dual carry options (backpack or hand-carry), RFID blocking pocket, rear trolley strap |
| Additional | Pressure-reducing backstraps for air travel comfort |
After eyeing this Travelon Transit Carry-On Backpack for months, I finally got the chance to pack it for a weekend trip. The first thing that caught my eye was how lightweight it felt, yet it looked incredibly sturdy.
I appreciated the sleek, sophisticated design that doesn’t scream “travel gear” but still feels durable enough to handle the bumps of transit.
Wearing it as a backpack, the pressure-reducing straps made a noticeable difference during long walks through airports. The suede handles are a nice touch, soft against your palm, unlike many stiff straps you see elsewhere.
When I switched to hand-carry mode, the dual grab handles were comfy, never digging into my fingers even after hours of holding.
The foldable feature is a game-changer. When not in use, I just folded it into a drawer — no hassle.
Once packed, I managed to fit enough clothes for a week in the main compartment, and my tech stayed safe in the RFID-blocking pocket. The exterior droplet barrier kept light rain at bay, which was a relief during a sudden drizzle.
Loading and unloading were straightforward thanks to the heavy-duty zippers. The rear trolley strap slid easily over my suitcase handle, making it effortless to move through terminals.
Overall, this backpack feels like a well-thought-out companion for frequent travelers, combining convenience, security, and style.
The North Face Women’s Isabella Transit Backpack | Commuter
- ✓ Comfortable ergonomic support
- ✓ Smart organizational features
- ✓ Lightweight and stylish
- ✕ Limited color options
- ✕ Not designed for heavy loads
| Dimensions | 19.7″ x 12.2″ x 5.9″ (50 cm x 31 cm x 15 cm) |
| Laptop Sleeve Size | 15.7″ x 11.8″ |
| Volume | 26 Liters |
| Weight | 1 lb 13 oz (approximately 0.84 kg) |
| Material | N/A (not specified, but likely durable synthetic fabric) |
| Carrying System | Women-specific suspension with padded back panel and shoulder straps |
From the moment I unzipped the North Face Women’s Isabella Transit Backpack, I could tell this was designed with daily life in mind. Its sleek, streamlined look is eye-catching, but it’s surprisingly spacious inside.
I was able to fit my laptop, a water bottle, and all my essentials without feeling bulky.
The padded back panel and shoulder straps make it comfortable to carry, even on those long, busy mornings. I appreciated how the ergonomic support kept me from feeling weighed down or strained.
The top grab handle and stand-up design mean I can grab it quickly or stand it upright on crowded train platforms.
Inside, the organization is smart—there’s a padded, secure laptop sleeve that snugly fits my 15.6-inch laptop. External zip pockets are perfect for quick-access valuables, like my keys and phone.
The internal pockets kept my chargers and snacks neatly separated, avoiding that cluttered, rummaging feeling.
For outdoor versatility, the daisy-chain webbing is a thoughtful touch—great for attaching a light jacket or extra gear. The two external water bottle pockets are handy, especially during warmer days or outdoor errands.
The overall weight of just under 2 pounds makes it easy to carry all day without fatigue.
Honestly, it feels like a perfect balance of style and function. Whether commuting, running errands, or exploring, this backpack has been reliable and comfortable.
It’s a great go-to for everyday use that doesn’t compromise on looks or practicality.
SLS3 Triathlon Backpack 35L with Dry & Wet Compartments
- ✓ Waterproof bottom compartment
- ✓ Breathable padded back
- ✓ Smart organization system
- ✕ Slightly pricey
- ✕ Limited color options
| Capacity | 35 liters |
| Material | High-denier nylon with waterproof bottom compartment |
| Back Panel | 0.5-inch thick padded with breathable mesh |
| Shoulder Straps | Padded for support and comfort |
| Compartments | Main spacious compartment, outside zip pocket, side bottle holders, top-access compartments |
| Waterproof Features | Waterproof bottom compartment designed for wet gear |
You’ll immediately notice how the waterproof bottom compartment transforms your triathlon experience. No more frantic searches for wet gear or worrying about soggy shoes ruining your clean clothes.
The 0.5″ padded back panel with breathable mesh makes even long training days comfortable. It feels supportive without being bulky, which is perfect when you’re racing or just hauling your gear around town.
The padded shoulder straps also add support, so your shoulders don’t feel the strain after hours of use.
The main compartment is surprisingly spacious, easily fitting your wetsuit, helmet, and extra layers. The smart internal organization keeps everything in place, while the outside zip pocket is perfect for quick grabs like goggles or snacks.
Side bottle holders are handy for hydration on the go, and the top-access compartments let you reach your essentials without digging through the bag.
Durability is evident with high-quality materials that seem built to withstand daily abuse. It’s sleek, lightweight, yet sturdy enough to handle the rigors of triathlon training and transitions.
The design by triathletes ensures it ticks all the boxes for performance, comfort, and practicality.
Overall, this backpack feels like a well-thought-out companion for any triathlete. It keeps your gear organized, dry, and accessible, making transitions smoother and training less stressful.
What Features Define the Best Transit Backpack?
The best transit backpack is characterized by several key features that enhance convenience, comfort, and functionality for daily commuting or travel.
- Comfortable Straps: A good transit backpack should have padded, adjustable shoulder straps that distribute weight evenly and reduce strain on the shoulders and back, making it comfortable for extended wear.
- Durable Material: The material should be water-resistant or waterproof and made from high-quality fabrics that can withstand daily wear and tear, ensuring the backpack lasts over time while protecting your belongings.
- Multiple Compartments: An ideal backpack includes various compartments and pockets for organizing essentials, such as a dedicated laptop sleeve, quick-access front pockets, and side pockets for water bottles, allowing for easy organization and retrieval of items.
- Size and Capacity: The best transit backpack should have an appropriate size and capacity to hold daily essentials without being overly bulky, typically ranging from 20 to 30 liters, which is suitable for laptops, books, and personal items.
- Security Features: Features like lockable zippers, hidden pockets, or RFID-blocking technology help protect valuables from theft, making it ideal for urban environments or travel scenarios.
- Ventilation: A breathable back panel with mesh or padding can improve airflow and reduce sweating, enhancing comfort during commutes or long periods of wear.
- Versatile Design: The best transit backpacks often feature a sleek, minimalist design that is suitable for both casual and professional settings, allowing for versatility in different environments.
- Reflective Elements: Including reflective strips or patches can enhance visibility during low-light conditions, providing an added layer of safety for commuters who travel at dawn or dusk.
How Important Is Comfort and Fit in a Transit Backpack?
Comfort and fit are crucial aspects to consider when selecting the best transit backpack, as they directly impact the user’s experience during travel.
- Ergonomic Design: An ergonomic design ensures that the backpack conforms to the natural shape of the body, distributing weight evenly across the shoulders and back. This minimizes strain during extended wear, which is particularly important for commuters or travelers who may carry their bags for long periods.
- Adjustable Straps: Adjustable straps allow users to customize the fit of the backpack according to their body type and preference. Having adjustable shoulder straps, sternum straps, and hip belts can enhance stability and comfort, preventing the bag from shifting during movement.
- Padded Back and Straps: Padded back panels and shoulder straps provide additional cushioning, making the backpack more comfortable to wear. This padding helps absorb shock and prevent pressure points, especially when carrying heavier loads, which is common in transit backpacks.
- Ventilation Features: Ventilation features, such as mesh panels or air channels, promote airflow between the backpack and the user’s back. This is particularly beneficial in warmer climates or during physical activity, as it helps to reduce sweating and discomfort.
- Weight Distribution: A well-designed transit backpack should have a structure that promotes good weight distribution. This includes strategically placed compartments that allow for balanced packing, making it easier to carry without causing fatigue.
- Size and Capacity: The size and capacity of the backpack should fit the user’s needs while ensuring a snug fit. A backpack that is too large can become cumbersome, while one that is too small may not fit all necessary items, leading to discomfort or improper packing.
What Kind of Storage Capacity Should a Transit Backpack Have?
The ideal storage capacity for a transit backpack can vary based on individual needs and travel habits.
- 20-30 liters: This size is suitable for day trips or short commutes, providing enough room for essentials like a laptop, water bottle, and a few personal items.
- 30-50 liters: A mid-range capacity that works well for weekend trips or longer commutes, accommodating additional clothing, snacks, and personal gear without being overly bulky.
- 50-70 liters: This larger size is ideal for extended travel or outdoor adventures, offering ample space for camping gear, extra clothing, and other necessities, but may be too large for daily use.
- 70 liters and above: Typically used for serious backpacking or long-term travel, these backpacks provide significant storage but can be cumbersome for regular transit and may require additional organization solutions.
The 20-30 liters range is great for minimalists or those who prefer to travel light, ensuring that the backpack remains manageable and easy to carry. The 30-50 liters capacity strikes a balance, suitable for those who need to carry a bit more without overwhelming themselves.
For travelers looking for versatility, the 50-70 liters option allows for the inclusion of various gear without sacrificing comfort. However, those who only need a backpack for daily use may find this size excessive, leading to difficulty in maneuverability.
On the other hand, backpacks exceeding 70 liters are best reserved for specialized situations, as they can become unwieldy in urban environments and may not fit well in standard transit settings.
What Materials Are Best for Transit Backpacks?
The best materials for transit backpacks are durable, weather-resistant, and lightweight to ensure comfort and longevity.
- Nylon: Nylon is a synthetic fabric known for its strength and resistance to wear and tear. It is lightweight yet durable, making it an ideal choice for transit backpacks that need to withstand daily use and rough handling.
- Polyester: Polyester is another synthetic material that offers excellent resistance to fading, stretching, and shrinking. It is often treated with water-resistant coatings, making it suitable for protecting contents from light rain and moisture during transit.
- Cordura Fabric: Cordura is a high-performance nylon fabric that is exceptionally durable and resistant to abrasions, tears, and scuffs. This material is commonly used in tactical and outdoor backpacks, providing added strength for heavy-duty use.
- Canvas: Canvas is a heavy-duty cotton fabric that is highly durable and can be treated for water resistance. While it is generally heavier than synthetic options, its rugged aesthetic and ability to age beautifully appeal to many users.
- Ripstop Fabric: Ripstop is a lightweight nylon or polyester fabric that features a grid pattern of reinforced threads, preventing rips from spreading. This makes it an excellent choice for transit backpacks that require durability without adding excessive weight.
- Leather: Leather offers a classic look and exceptional durability, making it a favored choice for stylish transit backpacks. However, it requires more care and maintenance to keep it in good condition compared to synthetic materials.
- Waterproof Materials: Materials specifically designed to be waterproof, such as TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), provide maximum protection against the elements. These materials are ideal for commuters in rainy climates or for those who often find themselves in wet conditions.
How Do Different Materials Affect Durability and Weight?
- Nylon: A popular choice for many backpacks due to its lightweight and strong nature, nylon is resistant to abrasions and tears. High-denier nylon fabrics offer enhanced durability, making them suitable for rugged use, while lighter variants are ideal for casual or urban settings.
- Polyester: While generally heavier than nylon, polyester is known for its excellent UV resistance and color retention. It is often used in backpacks that require vibrant colors and prints; however, it may not be as durable under extreme conditions compared to high-denier nylon.
- Cordura: This is a high-performance fabric made from nylon, known for its exceptional durability and resistance to scuffs and tears. Often used in tactical and outdoor gear, Cordura is heavier but provides superior protection, making it ideal for transit backpacks that will be subjected to harsh environments.
- Canvas: A classic material known for its sturdiness and timeless aesthetic, canvas backpacks are often heavier and bulkier than synthetic options. While they offer a stylish look and good durability, they may not perform as well in wet conditions unless treated for water resistance.
- Ripstop Fabric: This is a nylon or polyester fabric that features a crosshatch pattern to prevent tears from spreading. Its lightweight nature combined with high durability makes it an excellent choice for backpacks designed for travel or outdoor adventures.
- Leather: While leather provides a premium look and feel, it is typically heavier and requires more maintenance than synthetic options. However, high-quality leather can be extremely durable and develop a unique character over time, making it appealing for fashion-conscious users.
- Mesh: Commonly used in pockets and panels for ventilation, mesh is lightweight and allows for breathability. However, it is not suitable for the primary structure of a backpack due to its lower durability compared to other materials.
What Size Transit Backpack Should You Choose for Daily Commuting?
Choosing the right size transit backpack for daily commuting is essential for comfort and functionality.
- Small (15-20 liters): Ideal for minimalists who only need to carry essentials like a laptop, water bottle, and a few personal items.
- Medium (20-30 liters): A versatile option that accommodates a laptop, lunch, books, and some additional gear while remaining compact and easy to carry.
- Large (30-40 liters): Best for commuters who require extra space for gym clothes, additional tech, or other bulky items, making it suitable for those with varied daily needs.
- Extra Large (40+ liters): Suitable for those who need to carry a significant amount of gear, such as a weekend trip’s worth of supplies, but may be excessive for daily commuting.
Small backpacks, typically ranging from 15 to 20 liters, are perfect for individuals who prefer to travel light, providing just enough space for daily essentials without being cumbersome.
Medium-sized backpacks, between 20 and 30 liters, strike a balance between capacity and portability, making them ideal for carrying a laptop, snacks, and personal items without feeling bulky during the commute.
Large backpacks, with capacities of 30 to 40 liters, offer the flexibility to carry more gear, such as workout clothes or books, making them suitable for commuters with diverse daily requirements.
Extra large backpacks, usually exceeding 40 liters, are designed for those who may also use their bag for travel or need to carry a lot of equipment but can be too large for everyday commuting needs, potentially leading to discomfort.
How Much Gear Can You Fit in a Standard Size Transit Backpack?
A standard size transit backpack can accommodate a variety of gear, making it a versatile choice for travelers and daily commuters.
- Clothing: A standard transit backpack typically has enough space for a few changes of clothes, enough for a weekend trip or gym sessions.
- Laptop and Accessories: Most backpacks in this category include a padded compartment designed to fit laptops up to 15 inches, along with additional pockets for chargers, cables, and other electronics.
- Toiletries: Many transit backpacks feature separate compartments or pouches that can easily hold a toiletry kit, ensuring your personal items are organized and accessible.
- Water Bottle: Most standard transit backpacks come with side pockets or designated compartments that can securely hold a water bottle, making it easy to stay hydrated on the go.
- Snacks and Food Containers: You can often fit a small lunch or snacks within the main compartment or specific pockets, allowing for convenient access during travel.
- Books or Notebooks: Ample space is usually available for carrying books, notebooks, and other reading materials, perfect for students or business professionals.
- Travel Documents: A designated pocket for passports, tickets, and other important documents is often included, ensuring that your travel essentials are safe and easily accessible.
Each of these items can be organized within the various compartments and pockets of a standard size transit backpack, maximizing space and efficiency for the user.
What Are the Top Brands for Transit Backpacks?
Some of the top brands for transit backpacks include:
- Osprey: Renowned for their comfort and functionality, Osprey transit backpacks often feature a sleek design with ample storage space and organizational pockets. Their models are designed for both urban commuting and outdoor adventures, making them versatile for various users.
- North Face: North Face backpacks are built for durability and performance, often incorporating weather-resistant materials. These backpacks are favored by travelers and outdoor enthusiasts alike, providing features such as padded laptop compartments and easy-access pockets.
- Patagonia: Known for their commitment to sustainability, Patagonia’s transit backpacks combine eco-friendly materials with practical designs. They offer great storage solutions and are perfect for those who prioritize environmental responsibility while traveling.
- Deuter: Deuter backpacks are recognized for their ergonomic design, promoting comfort during long commutes. Their transit models often include features like adjustable straps and breathable back panels, ensuring a comfortable fit even during extended use.
- Arc’teryx: Arc’teryx is a premium brand known for high-performance outdoor gear, and their transit backpacks reflect that quality. With a focus on innovative materials and streamlined construction, these backpacks are ideal for those who need a reliable and stylish option for urban and outdoor settings.
- Thule: Thule transit backpacks are designed with the modern traveler in mind, offering features such as dedicated laptop compartments and easy access to essentials. Their robust construction ensures durability, making them a great choice for frequent travelers.
- REI Co-op: REI Co-op offers a range of transit backpacks that emphasize functionality at a reasonable price point. Their products often include practical features like hydration reservoirs and multiple access points, catering to both everyday commuters and outdoor adventurers.
How Do Various Brands Compare in Quality and Performance?
| Brand | Quality | Performance | Price Range | Warranty Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand A | High durability with premium materials. | Excellent for urban commuting and travel. | $100 – $150 | Lifetime warranty |
| Brand B | Good quality but prone to wear over time. | Decent performance for casual use. | $70 – $120 | 1 year warranty |
| Brand C | Affordable option with average quality. | Reliable for short trips but lacks features. | $40 – $80 | 6 months warranty |
| Brand D | High performance with innovative features. | Great for long-distance travel and outdoor activities. | $120 – $180 | 2 years warranty |
How Can You Determine the Price Range for a Quality Transit Backpack?
Size and Capacity: The size of the backpack can greatly affect its price. Larger backpacks designed for longer trips or heavy loads generally cost more due to the increased materials and structural support needed, while smaller, more compact options may be more affordable but might lack versatility.
Market Trends: Keeping an eye on market trends is crucial when determining price ranges. New models are frequently released, and during specific sales periods like back-to-school or holiday seasons, prices can vary dramatically, allowing consumers to find high-quality backpacks at more accessible price points.
What Factors Influence the Cost of Transit Backpacks?
The cost of transit backpacks is influenced by several key factors:
- Material Quality: The type of materials used in the construction of a backpack significantly affects its price. High-quality materials such as durable nylon or waterproof fabrics are generally more expensive but offer better longevity and protection for your belongings.
- Brand Reputation: Established brands often command higher prices due to their reputation for quality and reliability. Consumers are willing to pay a premium for brands known for their durability, innovative designs, and excellent customer service.
- Features and Functionality: Transit backpacks that come with additional features such as padded laptop compartments, USB charging ports, or water bottle pockets tend to be priced higher. The inclusion of unique functionalities that enhance user experience can justify a higher cost.
- Size and Capacity: The size and overall capacity of the backpack also play a role in determining its price. Larger backpacks that can accommodate more items or are designed for specific uses, such as travel or hiking, may come with a higher price tag compared to smaller, more basic models.
- Design and Aesthetics: The design, including color options and style, can influence the cost as well. Trendy designs or collaborations with well-known artists or designers may increase the price due to their appeal in the fashion market.
- Manufacturing Processes: The complexity of the manufacturing process can affect the cost of a backpack. Eco-friendly production methods or handcrafted items may be more expensive due to the labor and materials involved.
- Market Demand: Finally, market demand can influence pricing. If a particular style or brand is in high demand, prices may rise accordingly, especially during peak seasons or promotions.